1.
The teacher must be aware that both heredity and
environment represent complex factors, exerting many specific influences on an
individual’s growth which of the following statement best represents the
influence of heredity and environment?
A. Heredity
counts; environment is less important.
B. If
the environment is changed, heredity becomes less important.
C. The
relative influence of heredity and environment can vary widely in an
individual’s growth.
D. In
the long run, both tend to cancel each other’s influences.
E. None
of these above.
Answer: C
Current research
shows that heredity and environment interact in person’s development. Certain
specific traits are inherited, but whether an individual teaches his or her
potential capacity depend: on early stimulation and continued positive
experience in a friendly, reinforcing environment.
2.
The best possible way to measure the influence
of heredity is by
A. Keeping
the environment constant.
B. Ignoring
the environment.
C. Studying
only fraternal twins of normal capability.
D. Studying
only identical twins of normal capability.
E. Doing
none of the above.
Answer: D
Identical twins of
normal capacity afford the best opportunity to study the influence of heredity.
In cases where such children are reared in different home environments by
different parents, the research can identify common traits that are ascribable
to heredity only.
3.
To use video materials effectively the teacher
must remember that each student perceives and responds to them in an individual
way. At what point in visual perception do individual differences begin?
A. When
light waves reach the eye.
B. When
optical nerve impulse are created.
C. When
the image registers on the retina.
D. When
cortical perception begins.
E. When
the pupil responds to light waves.
Answer: A
Visual perception
begins when light waves reach the eye, and is unique for each individual.
4.
Excessive verbalism on a teacher’s part may
create a psychological barrier to learning, particularly for:
A. Hyperactive
children
B. Disadvantage
learners
C. Gifted
children
D. Physically
handicapped students
E. Artistic
children
Answer: B
Excessive verbal
instructions can become confusing and tedious, especially for children who do
not understand the vocabulary used by teacher when giving directions and
explanations. Such students “tune out” the teacher who talks too much.
5.
Knowledge that children differ in their capacity
to learn has led to the continued development of tools for testing the child’s
A. Special
aptitudes
B. Musical
ability
C. Motor
skills
D. Clerical
ability
E. Artistic
interests
Answer: A
Aptitude testing
has been refined in recent years.
6.
During periods of individualized instruction, a
teacher uses task cards. These may contain all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Assignments
B. Directions
C. Sources
D. Evaluation
materials
E. Titles
of appropriate learning materials
Answer: D
As part of
individualized instruction, a task card can be prepared, listing all the
information that a student may need for a particular assignment. Task cards
save the teacher and pupil time, and clarify steps in a project.
7.
Educators who contributed to the “open
education” movement include:
A. Neil
and Piaget
B. Kohl
and Kozol
C. Bruner
and Silberman
D. All
of the above
E. B
and C above
Answer: D
Many professional
in several nations have contributed to the open education movement. These
educators promoted research finding and ideas that led to working with students
for the identification and pursuit of their own educational goals.
8.
Those who favor open education support:
A. Rigid
time structuring and frequent evaluation.
B. Responsible
student self-direction.
C. An
emphasis on success rather than failure.
D. None
of the above.
E. B
and C above.
Answer: E
In open education,
student self-direction is emphasized; as well as constant success experiences.
Both are considered reinforcement for the individual.
9.
A student with social adjustment problems
demonstrates all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Isolation
and hyperactivity
B. Anxiety
or dependency
C. Withdrawal
from others
D. Feelings
of depression
E. Excessive
shyness
Answer: A
A student with problems
in social adjustment will demonstrate all of these behaviors except the
combination of isolation and hyperactivity.
10.
According to law, a program for a handicapped
child must specify all of the following EXCEPT:
A. The
special services to be provided.
B. The
length of test to be given.
C. The
projected date for beginning individualized instruction, and the duration of
the special services.
D. Individualized
objectives.
E. Plans
for evaluation and for an annual review of the child progress.
Answer: B
A program for a
handicapped child must be defined clearly, but the teacher has leeway when
working within its guidelines.
11.
Carl Rogers has urged teacher to stop “teaching”
and to start “facilitating learning”. A teacher who decided to follow Roger’s
suggestion would probably:
A. Establish
a competitive climate in the classroom.
B. Always
require the correct answer.
C. Provide
a variety of learning experiences and multimedia materials.
D. Permit
pupils to pupils to develop computer programs to do their work.
E. Do
C and D above.
Answer: E
Following Rogers,
the emphasis should be on individual experiences and growth rather than on
competition among pupils for grades.
12.
A teacher wants to develop experience-reinforced
individualized instruction for his eight-grade English class. He will probably
use:
A. Learning
centers
B. Always
require the correct answer.
C. Provides
a variety around students’ interests
D. B
and C above
E. A
and C above
Answer: E
Again, the
emphasis is on individual experience and progress not on teacher prescriptions.
13.
A child’s social skills can be measured by:
A. Direct
observations and parent-teacher conferences
B. Psychological
test
C. Adaptive
behavior scales
D. A
and C above
E. B
and C above
Answer: D
A teacher can
observe s child’s social skills on a daily basis. If funds area available,
standardized scales can be used to add to this information.
14.
A child’s emotional behavior and problems can be
measured by
A. Direct
observations
B. Psychological
tests
C. Behavior
checklists
D. Behavior
scales
E. All
of the above
Answer: E
Emotional aspects
of a child’s behavior must be observed and analyzed to determine his or her
patterns of response to various situations.
15.
Intelligence tests that can be used with
children who have language difficulties include:
A. The
Draw-A-Man test
B. The
Letter International Performance Scale
C. Raven’s
Progressive Matrices test
D. All
of the above
E. B
and C above
Answer: D
A child’s
difficulty with the use of language can affect test outcomes. These types of
test call for responses not involving language.
16.
The law requires school personnel to make a
child’s school records available to his parents. Parents have the right to:
A. Help
plan their child instruction program
B. See
their child’s school record
C. Receive
an interpretation of any data recorded about their child.
D. Remove
information about their child from the school files.
E. A,
B and C above
Answer: E
Ideally, parents
and teachers work together to assist a child. Information on the assessment and
evaluation of their child’s work must be available to parents.
17.
Lee obtained a percentile rank of 30 on a
mathematics test. Lee’s parents will learn that:
A. Lee
is a top student in the above class.
B. Lee
got 30% of the test items correct.
C. Lee
obtained a score higher than 30% of the students in the class.
D. Lee
got 70% of the items correct.
E. Lee
obtained a score higher than 70% of the students who took the test.
Answer: C
The percentile is
a useful score for showing how a student ranks within a group on the basis of a
particular test. This placement is likely to vary from test to test.
18.
A teacher uses behavioral modification
techniques in his classes. Which of the following student behaviors would he
find most difficult to change?
A. Aggressive
tendencies toward classmates.
B. Poor
habits in organizing work materials.
C. Interrupting
a speaker.
D. Abandoning
a project before it is finished.
E. Failure
to read the full question before answering.
Answer: A
Emotional
responses develop over time. Because they are self-reinforcing, they must be
difficult to modify.
19.
To improve their athletic performance, a coach
appeals to her students’ capacity for self-motivation. Which of the following
motivation would NOT aid team performance?
A. Curiosity
about the plays that other teams develop.
B. The
desire for affiliation with teams members.
C. The
use of goal-setting in developing strength and skills.
D. The
desire for athletic competence.
E. The
desire for independence in decision-making.
Answer: E
The player who
emphasizes independent behavior may not be a good team player.
20.
Shaping, a form of operand conditioning is
successful with educable mentally retarded children because it:
A. Provides
frequent feedback.
B. Begins
with easily achieved goals.
C. Provides
multiple success experience.
D. Does
A and B above.
E. Does
all of the above.
Answer: E
In shaping, the
reinforcement of small steps with frequent feedback gives frequent success
experiences to the EMR child. This is essential for his or her own
self-confidence.
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